Funding outcome

Many Autistic people change how they act in social situations (often called camouflaging or masking) to fit into environments that are not designed for them. While this can help in the moment, research shows it is often linked to exhaustion, anxiety, and other mental health challenges, particularly for women and gender-diverse individuals. At the same time, feeling a sense of belonging is critical for wellbeing, yet it remains unclear whether belonging achieved through masking offers the same benefits as being accepted as one's authentic self. This study will explore how camouflaging relates to feelings of belonging among Autistic university students, and how this relationship is shaped by social anxiety (fear of being judged) and the strength of one's social network. Using survey data from 180 Autistic women and gender-diverse students in Canada, we will examine whether social anxiety intensifies the impact of camouflaging on belonging and whether supportive relationships can buffer its effects. Findings may suggest that camouflaging is not always harmful, but depends on context. This work will identify when and for whom camouflaging is most harmful and will support more nuanced, real-world understandings of Autistic experiences, laying the foundation for tailored supports. These insights will have clear real-world impact. They will highlight the need to reduce pressure on Autistic students to mask, improve access to affirming mental health services, and strengthen peer connections and community supports. Importantly, this work will shift the focus from changing individuals to creating environments that better support authentic participation and belonging.